The hottest view of global mobile technology evolu

Looking at the evolution of global mobile technology from the U.S. market: have you 5g in 2015

in a way, 5g, a technology that does not exist at present, or even has no accurate definition of standards organization, and for most countries, it will not be implemented until the next year. 2015 is a year when its popularity swept the industry's attention

it can even be said that today's hot technology topics in the mobile communication industry are inextricably linked to 5g

in an instant, 2016 has arrived, and it is time to review the development of the industry in the past year. This paper analyzes the industry dynamics of the world's leading mobile communication market, the United States, in 2015, hoping to use its market focus and evolution path to glimpse the development trend of the global communication market

for example, the U.S. market has focused on the same 5g, IOT, lte-u and SDN in the past year

5g: everyone is talking about 5g, and the United States naturally does not want to lag behind.

after 2015, global operators (especially in Asia) are competing to deploy 5g technology, even though the standard of 5g technology has not been determined. In this context, in response to the investigation notice launched by the FCC in October 2014, the New York University Wireless Research Center (NYU wireless) urged the FCC to allocate the milli system to "find" the new spectrum of the meter wave wireless band once in January 2015, so as to ensure that the United States will not lag behind other countries in Europe and Asia in the evolution of 5g technology

in fact, in October 2015, FCC proposed new flexible rules for four different high-frequency bands above 24 GHz, aiming to lay the foundation for 5g networks in the U.S. market. The bands they plan to use exclusively for 5g services include 27 35 GHz (also known as 28 GHz band) 6 GHz (also known as 37 GHz band), 38 GHz (also known as 39 GHz band) and GHz. By adopting the new rules, FCC chairman Tom Wheeler said that the FCC is promoting a leap forward development, hoping to create opportunities for this country to become a leader in the evolution to 5g

last September, Verizon revealed that the operator was conducting 5g tests with partners such as Alcatel lucent, Ericsson, Cisco, Nokia, Qualcomm and Samsung at the company's innovation centers in Waltham, Massachusetts and San Francisco. Its 5g technology field test is expected to start in 2016

shortly after the news was released, Glenn Lurie, CEO of at T Mobile, said that 5g was too early to say that the control system software was the operating system platform. Moreover, although 5g would bring amazing changes, the entire industry should not lose attention to the huge benefits and impacts that LTE would continue to bring. He also said that the United States should not worry about falling behind in 5g, and criticized the public relations rhetoric from Europe and Asia (mainly Asia). Lurie said that he did not want the industry to be too committed but unable to achieve, which had happened in the past

the evolution to new technologies is often a fierce competition, and the United States naturally does not want to lag behind, even though LTE and LTE-A still have a lot of room to work. Ted Rappaport, a professor at the wireless research center of New York University, said that the millimeter wave wireless network is expected to become a part of 5g technology. Because the antenna design will be more centralized than the current design, the millimeter wave spectrum will be more effective

IOT: everyone wants to be involved in the standard dispute of IOT

the purity of aluminum in various brands of copper aluminum transition terminals used in the market at present can only reach 99.5% (Note: generally, the purity of electrical aluminum is more than 99.7%). Although at t has been playing a leading role in the emerging equipment market for many years, by the end of the third quarter of 2015, there were 25million cellular connection machines on its network, However, Verizon joined the competition in a more high-profile way by announcing its new IOT strategy, including the new thingspace platform and support for cat 1 LTE

at the same time, the competition about low-power and long-distance communication is becoming increasingly fierce. Among them, cellular network equipment manufacturers have increased their support for narrow-band LTE, while supporters of lpwa (low-power wide area coverage) technology camp such as sigfox and Lora continue to try to expand their influence

when Verizon announced its IOT strategy last October, it also launched thingspace platform. Verizon said it would release a large number of APIs and build a dedicated LTE core network for IOT. The executive of the US operator said that Verizon hopes to reduce the complexity of the entire (IOT) ecosystem for developers

mike lanman, senior vice president of Verizon enterprise and IOT products, said that he and his team recognized that the obstacles to the development and launch of IOT devices included complexity, fragmentation and cost, and they began to reduce complexity two years ago. Their idea is to embed low-cost modules in the equipment and reduce the cost of network access

verizon CFO Fran shammo said at the company's third quarter meeting last October that it is expected that the new revenue stream created by IOT will continue to emerge and grow. The revenue of this part in the third quarter of last year was $175million, and the total revenue in the first three quarters was $495million

however, at t realized a few years ago that it needed to find new revenue sources. At the same time, it also successfully attracted OnStar, a large connected car user, several years earlier than Verizon. At t's pre emption in the field of IOT also confirms the fact that car service represents one of the fastest-growing segments of operators. At the CTIA exhibition held last September, Glenn Lurie, CEO of at T Mobile, announced that at t had signed a new multi-year cooperation agreement with Jaguar Land Rover, and at t would provide network connections for more vehicles

last September, 3GPP took a big step in defining a new LTE standard for IOT's low power consumption and low bandwidth. At a meeting held in Phoenix, the 3GPP wireless access network working group agreed to standardize narrowband IOT. This new technology will provide better indoor coverage, support a large number of low throughput devices, low latency sensitivity, ultra-low device cost, lower device power consumption and optimized network architecture. 3GPP

Nokia, Ericsson and Intel believe that narrowband LTE (nb-lte) is the best way to use LTE to drive IOT devices. NB IOT technology can be deployed in band and use resource blocks in a normal LTE carrier, or use those unused resource blocks in the protection band of an LTE carrier, or deploy in independent mode on the dedicated spectrum. 3GPP indicates that Nb IOT is also particularly suitable for refarming GSM channels

in the struggle for the remote connection standard of IOT equipment, 3GPP's proposal faces challenges and competition from sigfox and Lora. At t is one of the supporters of the GSMA initiative to accelerate the deployment of M2M dedicated cellular networks. This project, known as the mobile IOT initiative, aims to solve the use of lpwa solutions in authorized spectrum

lora alliance also includes members of mobile operators. This organization released lorawan R1.0 specification last June. Lora alliance hopes to promote the development of lpwa networks worldwide and ensure the interoperability of this technology on open operator level networks. Meanwhile, French company sigfox plans to launch its low throughput network in 60 countries within five years. The company's network technology operates in the unauthorized 902 MHz frequency band in the United States and 868 MHz in Europe

it is expected that there will be more fierce competition on IOT standards and agreements in the future. Even foreign made products still have many deficiencies, so that more new parliaments will try to tie them all together

wi fi call: at t and Verizon achieved their Wi Fi call commitment

at T and Verizon achieved their commitment to provide Wi Fi calling service, although it was a little later than originally expected. In this process, the approval from the FCC led to the delay of at t's launch of Wi Fi call service

at t finally got the approval it needed to use real-time text (RTT) technology instead of the old TTY technology, which was developed in the 1960s and is now obsolete. Verizon's Wi Fi call service application has also been approved by the FCC

operators in the field of Wi Fi calls mostly benefit from Apple's increased support for Wi Fi calls in its IOS 8 system upgrade. In 2014, when Apple launched iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus, it added support for Wi Fi calls. At that time, only T-Mobile in the United States supported the service. Since then, many industry insiders have speculated that more operators will start providing Wi Fi call services in 2015, and later these assumptions have become a reality

in addition to helping alleviate the lack of network capacity, Wi Fi calls also enable operators to provide services to users in places with poor or no mobile network coverage. In the application submitted, Verizon said that it would provide IP based advanced call service, which supports VoIP calls and other advanced functions, including video calls

another significant sign of wireless operators' attitude towards Wi Fi is that they want to stop cooperating with Wi Fi service providers such as boingo wireless. Boingo wireless announced in early 2014 that sprint had become its first Wi Fi streaming customer, and at that time boingo said it expected to reach a Wi Fi streaming service cooperation with the second largest operator in the first half of next year. The test has been ongoing. Although hotspot 2.0 and passport are important for increasing the seamless and security of services, they are still in the initial stage for the development of this technology. We expect to see more passpoint enabled devices in 2016, which are designed to make Wi Fi easier to use, similar to roaming on cellular networks

in 2015, T-Mobile has also been steadily improving its LTE network coverage, thus promoting a significant increase in the switching between Wi Fi calls and volte. Worldwide, the deployment of volte continues to increase. According to GSA data, 150 operators in 87 countries have deployed HD voice services, including volte. In fact, volte deployment has increased significantly since 2014